Eudaimonia and the Abundant Life

Eudaimonia is a Greek word which means happiness, welfare, or more correctly a flourishing life.

"The best understanding of eudaimonia is not that it's some point reached; it's not some transient state, but a veritable form or mode of life. It's life of a certain character and stripe, properly described as a flourishing life." - Daniel N. Robinson, The Great Ideas of Philosphy, 2nd Edition, Course Guidebook

How to obtain eudaimonia was a common point of discussion in early Greek philosophy. Aristotle proposed that eudaimonia was obtained when we fulfilled our essential nature as human beings. This can be better understood by examining animals. A fish cannot fulfill it's nature when it's out of water. This is where we get the phrase "a fish out of water". A fish needs to be in water, a bird needs to fly, a horse needs to run. Likewise, we are only happy when we can fulfill our essential nature.

Philosophy has never been able to definitively answer what human nature is, but the gospel of Christ has the answer. It teaches us that our essential nature is divine. We are children of God, and as children we have the potential to become like him.

The gospel of Jesus Christ also teaches about a concept similar to eudaimonia called the abundant life. "The abundant life is a spiritual life" which promises rewards of happiness and prosperity (though people disagree on whether prosperity includes a promise of material wealth).

Despite it's teachings on the abundant life, I don't think that the gospel adequately explains why righteousness makes us happy. Why does doing good satisfy our conscious?  It can't be purely due to the delayed gratification of eternal life. The other common answer is that the Spirit of God endows us with happiness as a reward for righteousness, but if we are to become like God then we must be able to feel that on our own.

Aristotle's teachings on eudaimonia is the answer. Righteousness makes us happy because it fulfills our divine nature as children of God. This also bring a new level of clarity to the 13th Article of Faith:

We believe in being honest, true, chaste, benevolent, virtuous, and in doing good to all men; indeed, we may say that we follow the admonition of Paul—We believe all things, we hope all things, we have endured many things, and hope to be able to endure all things. If there is anything virtuous, lovely, or of good report or praiseworthy, we seek after these things.

Eudaimonia. The Good Life. The Abundant Life. Eternal Life.

The Perfect Woman

Yesterday my wife asked me to envision the perfect woman and then make a list of her virtues. She pleaded with me to have an open mind and not let it become a list of virtues she has or a list of virtues I wished she had. Here is what I came up with; order has no significance.

• Loving, capable of being a mother to anybody, but not pron to spoiling
• Faithful, spiritual, prayerful
• Graceful
• Intelligent in conversation, but not determined to win arguments
• Humorous, but not raucous
• Musical
• Humble, but not shy or awkward
• Confident, but not prideful
• Capable of leading, but never desiring to ^[1]
• Understanding of human emotions
• Socially proper
• Organized but no OCD
• Capable of cooking every day without the family tiring of her food ^[2]
• Frugal
• Long hair ^[3]

"A virtuous woman is a crown to her husband" - Proverbs 12:4

^[1] The wife in Legacy is the best example I can think of. She's able to take charge when she needs to.
^[2] This doesn't mean she has to cook every day, just that she could if needed to.
^[3] I added this after my wife pointed out that I didn't have any physical attributes in the list. I didn't think I needed any, but then I realized I always envision good women as having long hair.

My Mysterious Double Cron

One of the websites I manage at work has a cron associated with it that ran every Monday morning at 1:00 AM to process outstanding invoices.

0 1 * * 1 php cron_script.php >> cron_script.log 2>@1

The script worked beautifully until June 18 when everyone who was charged was billed twice. I first thought my script must have a bug, but further inspection proved that wasn't the case^[1].

The output log only had one entry for June 18, so I was inclined to blame it on network errors^[2].

But most signs showed that the cron had run twice, at almost the exact same time. I was reluctant to accept this because cron is a stable library, but the evidence was overwhelming. The order of the double-charge pairs was perfectly sequential.

11223344

If both executions weren't at almost the exact same moment you would see something more mixed.

12132434

We could see that from the responses we get back from our credit card processing company and store in the database, information stored in the eCommerce software to show customers when they were charged, and history that our credit card processing company keeps.

So the cron ran twice but logged its activity once. After much debate, the only plausible solution we could divine was that the NTP update script also ran at 1:00 AM and caused the clock to drift backwards a few hundred milliseconds and repeat 1:00 AM. We could explain the log file having on entry by assuming the first execution obtained an exclusive lock on the file.

But then I did some research and found out that NTP almost never drifts the clock backwards (especially not for such small intervals as we were expecting) and redirecting output in the shell to a file does not lock the file.

Our theory was sufficiently busted, and now we have no possible explanations for both anomalies:

• How did the cron run twice at the same time?
• Why did the output only get written to the log file once?

Surely it must have been cosmic rays.

^[1] Technically my script did have a bug in that it allowed people to be billed twice if the script ran twice at the same moment. That has since been fixed by applying an exclusive lock to the logfile. But I realize now that the fix is insufficient. I have a better idea.

^[2] We have had other problems related to network errors between us and our credit card processing company. My inclination to blame the network wasn't random.

The Innovator's Framework

The most shocking conclusion of Clayton M. Christensen's The Innovator's Dilemma is that good managerial practices can lead a company to failure when dealing with disruptive technologies. Good managers lead companies by pursuing high profit margins and delivering what their customers want. But Christensen proves that those methods only work for sustaining technological development and not for developing disruptive technology. That is revolutionary. Christensen clearly explains how to avoid the same failures that Sears, Woolco, and many other companies have experienced.

Christensen also offered an eye-opening explanation of the migration of capabilities within a company. It explains why resources are more important to a startup while process, values, and culture are more important to a mature company. I thought about my experience at a startup where I work. When I joined two years ago, there was no process -- for anything. The three programmers sat in a room next to each other and just coded. Now we have bug lists, version control, and development environments. Our values are also starting to coalesce into a company culture. I enjoyed being influential in the development of that culture. But it will be time for me to get a new job when this period of development ends and employees become just another programmer.

Gratitude

The youth activity following the First Presidency's message in the Ensign this month suggests making a list of 100 things that you are grateful. It even helps by suggesting 10 categories that you can list 10 things in. Here is my list.

The item are not listed by priority. Absence in the list does not denote ingratitude (there's only room for 100 things).

10 physical abilities you are grateful for Clear mind and intellect Hearing Eating Speaking Seeing Smelling Walking and running Eating Laughing Singing	10 material possessions your are grateful for Apartment (not technically mine though) Clothes Food Computer and printer Books Money Car Journals Wedding ring Tupperware
10 living people you are grateful for Wife Daughter Christine Dad Mom Brother Older sister Younger sister Mother in-law Father in-law Grandma York	10 deceased people you are grateful for Grandpa Clark Grandma Clark Grandpa York George Washington John Adams Joseph Smith Abraham Lincoln Ezra T Clark Edward Moroni Thurman Gordon B Hinckley
10 things about nature you are grateful for Sunshine Snow Mountains Trees that provide shade and clean air Fall foliage Rivers Waterfalls Four seasons Green grass Colorful flowers	10 things about today you are grateful for Snow Fasting Church First Presidency Devotional Family Food Testimonies in church Reading the Ensign Home Teaching Naps
10 places on earth you are grateful for Home in Sterling Provo Temple BYU Chile Wife's home St Louis Temple Apt N201 in Campus Plaza Washington, DC LDS chapel in Sterling Our current apartment	10 modern inventions you are grateful for Plumbing and running water Electricity Cars Cell phones Microwave Dishwasher Washing machine Electric razor Planes Trains
10 foods you are grateful for Water Milk Bread Cheese Macaroni and Cheese Citrus fruit Meat Pineapple Ice cream Lo mein noodles	10 things about the gospel you are grateful for Christ's Atonement Eternal Families Priesthood Blessings of the temple Book of Mormon Character building Leadership Friendship Scriptures Mission

It Still Isn't Easy

The following is a short essay I had to write for a class.

Its common for people to say that the level of entry into the field of software development has never been lower. Development tools have never been cheaper and easier to use, there is an infinite supply of programming tutorials on the internet, and the growth of the development market is rapidly outpacing the supply of software developers.

When we say that the level of entry has never been lower, it sounds like we're saying its easy to get started. But it we are strongly something much more than that. We are implying that the possibility of an average person becoming successful in the industry is approaching the possibility of success for a person who has been formally trained and educated; we are saying the Ubuntu, Eclipse, W3Schools, and StackOverflow are a worthy replacement for a bachelors degree in Computer Science. That is just as ludicrous as proposing that you could train to be a surgeon by watching YouTube videos and practicing on rats.

I don't mean to say that a getting a degree in Computer Science is a requirement to be a good software engineer. It is possible for a programmer without a degree to be better than a programmer with a degree. There are plenty of terrible programmers who earned a BS degree. But there aren't as many stellar programmers that don't have CS degrees. Why? Because software development isn't easy!

I recently attended a university job fair where multiple companies told me that they will no longer hire Electrical Engineers for software development positions because they just can't manage the advanced programming techniques and theories. But those can be learned with experience, right? Not easily. I know a guy who has been freelancing for 20 years but can't code a recursive binary tree traversal.

Large tech companies understand the difficulties of software development. Google is much more willing to hire someone with a masters degree than with a bachelors degree, even though they have to pay him more. The assumption is that he has received more education concerning advanced topics and is therefore closer to being an expert programmer; and they're usually right.

The trend of outsourcing programming to India is also ending because people are realizing that talent does not come cheap, but coding monkeys do.

A contributor to Forbes recently wrote an article titled “The Rise of Developeronomics” which states that demand for good developers is quickly outpacing supply which is causing the rise of what he calls developeronomics. Companies are acquiring other companies purely for talent (not necessarily for products or technology) and investors are keeping talented developers busy on fluff projects just to keep them around. If the level of entry were low and the promise of success were high, then the supply of good developers would not be a problem.

But the shortage of talented software developers is a problem because the level of entry isn't low. It will remain that way until there is a fundamental change in the field; new tools, resources, and languages cannot make this happen.

My Land Full of Idols

A short time ago, my wife and I were reading together in 2 Nephi. In chapter 12, Jacob is quoting a prophesy of Isaiah about our days. Verse 8 reads, “Their land is also full of idols; they worship the work of their own hands, that which their own fingers have made.” As I read that, my heart dropped. He was talking about me.

Immediately I remembered how proud I have felt about accomplishments at work; I remembered how I feel more talented than others in my CS classes because of what I do; I remembered how it makes me feel like I’m somebody that’s worth something.

Even Hobbes understands how ridiculous this is:

Of the passions that most frequently are the causes of crime [or sin], one, is vain glory, or a foolish overrating of their own worth; as if difference of worth, were an effect of their wit, or riches, or blood, or some other natural quality... (Hobbes, Leviathan: Pt. 2, Ch 27)

He’s right. I was foolishly overrating my own worth.

As my wife and I continued reading, I learned of my plight:

“For the day of the Lord of Hosts soon cometh upon all nations, yea, upon every one; yea, upon the proud and lofty, and upon every one who is lifted up, and he shall be brought low.”

That prophesy was quickly fulfilled in my own life. First, weaknesses in my talents were exposed. For a week I had been trying to fix a bug in a program I was writing for one of my classes. Finally the due date came and I still hadn’t figured it out. So much for programming talent.

Then General Conference began and Elder Uchtdorf threw me down even lower as he spoke of the evils and dangers of pride.

Pride is sinful... because it breeds hatred or hostility and places in opposition to God and our fellow men. At its core, pride is the sin of comparison. For though it usually begins with ‘Look at how wonderful I am and what great things I have done’ it always seems to end with ‘therefore I am better than you.’ When our hearts are filled with pride we commit a great sin, for we violate the two great commandments. Instead of worshipping God and loving our neighbor, we reveal the real object of our worship and love: the image we see in the mirror.

I stood chastised, repentant, and humbled. My vision was corrected. I remembered how I had previously thought: I was grateful for talents and work that allowed me to provide for my family and focus on things which mattered more. Hopefully I can maintain that perspective for a prolonged period of time.